Search results for "Mass composition"

showing 3 items of 3 documents

Measurement of the cosmic ray composition at the knee with the SPASE-2/AMANDA-B10 detectors

2004

The mass composition of high-energy cosmic rays at energies above 1015 eV can provide crucial information for the understanding of their origin. Air showers were measured simultaneously with the SPASE-2 air shower array and the AMANDA-B10 Cherenkov telescope at the South Pole. This combination has the advantage to sample almost all high-energy shower muons and is thus a new approach to the determination of the cosmic ray composition. The change in the cosmic ray mass composition was measured versus existing data from direct measurements at low energies. Our data show an increase of the mean log atomic mass 〈lnA〉 by about 0.8 between 500 TeV and 5 PeV. This trend of an increasing mass throug…

Astroparticle physicsPhysicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsCosmic rayAstrophysicsCosmic Rays; Mass composition; Neutrino astronomyMass compositionCosmic RaysAtomic massAir showerNeutrino astronomyUltra-high-energy cosmic rayNeutrinoNeutrino astronomyCherenkov radiationAstroparticle Physics
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The influence of fermentation conditions on biomass composition during ethanol biosynthesis from cheese whey lactose concentrate by Kluyveromyces mar…

2014

Ethanol biosynthesisbiologyBioengineeringGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationApplied Microbiology and Biotechnologychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryKluyveromyces marxianusFermentationFood scienceLactoseBiotechnologyBiomass compositionJournal of Biotechnology
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Measurement of the Depth of Maximum of Extensive Air Showers above 10(18) eV

2010

We describe the measurement of the depth of maximum, Xmax, of the longitudinal development of air showers induced by cosmic rays. Almost four thousand events above 10¹⁸ eV observed by the fluorescence detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory in coincidence with at least one surface detector station are selected for the analysis. The average shower maximum was found to evolve with energy at a rate of (106⁺³⁵₋₂₁) g/cm²/decade below 1018.24 ± 0.05 eV and (24 ± 3) g/cm²/decade above this energy. The measured shower-to-shower fluctuations decrease from about 55 to 26 g/cm². The interpretation of these results in terms of the cosmic ray mass composition is briefly discussed.

[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]FLUORESCENCE LIGHTGeneral Physics and AstronomyPierre Auger Observatory; depth of maximum; fluorescence detector; cosmic raysFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayChemical CompositionAstrophysicsMass compositionENERGIA01 natural sciencesCoincidenceAugerNuclear physicsPhysics and Astronomy (all)cosmic rays0103 physical sciencesRECONSTRUCTIONHigh-Energy Cosmic Ray010303 astronomy & astrophysicsDETECTORCiencias ExactasPierre Auger ObservatoryPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)MeasurementSPECTRUM010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysics[SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]Pierre Auger ExperimentDetectorPrimary compositionFísicaPierre Auger ObservatoryCOSMIC-RAYSCosmic raylongitudinal developmentLongitudinal developmentRESOLUTIONFísica nuclearfluorescenceAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaenergyPhysical Review Letters
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